This type of hemoglobin is present in some sickle cell disorders. This can be used to diagnose certain types of anemia such as thalassemia. Check treatment for diseases that have abnormal types of hemoglobin in the blood.
Help couples find out how likely they are to have a child with certain forms of anemia that can be passed from a parent to a child inherited.
How To Prepare Tell your doctor if you are getting iron therapy for iron deficiency anemia. How It Is Done The health professional drawing blood will: Wrap an elastic band around your upper arm to stop the flow of blood. This makes the veins below the band larger so it is easier to put a needle into the vein. Clean the needle site with alcohol. Put the needle into the vein. More than one needle stick may be needed.
Attach a tube to the needle to fill it with blood. Remove the band from your arm when enough blood is collected. Put a gauze pad or cotton ball over the needle site as the needle is removed. Put pressure on the site and then put on a bandage. How It Feels The blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. Risks There is very little chance of a problem from having a blood sample taken from a vein.
You may get a small bruise at the site. You can lower the chance of bruising by keeping pressure on the site for several minutes. In rare cases, the vein may become swollen after the blood sample is taken. This problem is called phlebitis. A warm compress can be used several times a day to treat this. Results A hemoglobin electrophoresis test is a blood test done to check the different types of hemoglobin in the blood.
Normal The normal values listed here—called a reference range—are just a guide. Hemoglobin electrophoresis footnote 2 Hemoglobin A1: A very low level of hemoglobin A and a high level of hemoglobin F may mean a more severe form of thalassemia.
High levels of hemoglobin F may be seen in a rare condition called hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Hemoglobin S in moderate amounts can mean that sickle cell trait is present. Hemoglobin S in high amounts means sickle cell disease.
Hemoglobin C in low amounts can mean that hemoglobin C trait is present. Hemoglobin C in high amounts means hemoglobin C disease, which causes anemia and an enlarged spleen. Hemoglobin types S and C mean hemoglobin S-C disease, which causes a mild or moderate form of sickle cell disease.
Hemoglobin E in low amounts means the presence of hemoglobin E trait. Hemoglobin E in high amounts means hemoglobin E disease, which causes anemia and smaller-than-normal red blood cells. Hemoglobin C. This type of hemoglobin does not carry oxygen well. Hemoglobin E. This type of hemoglobin is found in people of Southeast Asian descent. Hemoglobin D. This type of hemoglobin is present in some sickle cell disorders. This can be used to diagnose certain types of anemia such as thalassemia.
Check treatment for diseases that have abnormal types of hemoglobin in the blood. Help couples find out how likely they are to have a child with certain forms of anemia that can be passed from a parent to a child inherited. How To Prepare Tell your doctor if you are getting iron therapy for iron deficiency anemia. How It Is Done A health professional uses a needle to take a blood sample, usually from the arm.
How It Feels When a blood sample is taken, you may feel nothing at all from the needle. Risks There is very little chance of having a problem from this test.
Results Results are ready in several days. Normal Each lab has a different range for what's normal. High and low values Higher-than-normal amounts of both hemoglobin A2 and hemoglobin F may mean a mild form of thalassemia is present. A very low level of hemoglobin A and a high level of hemoglobin F may mean a more severe form of thalassemia. High levels of hemoglobin F may be seen in a rare condition called hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Hemoglobin S in moderate amounts can mean that sickle cell trait is present.
Hemoglobin S in high amounts means sickle cell disease. Hemoglobin C in low amounts can mean that hemoglobin C trait is present. Hemoglobin C in high amounts means hemoglobin C disease, which causes anemia and an enlarged spleen.
Hemoglobin types S and C mean hemoglobin S-C disease, which causes a mild or moderate form of sickle cell disease. Hemoglobin E in low amounts means the presence of hemoglobin E trait. Hemoglobin E in high amounts means hemoglobin E disease, which causes anemia and smaller-than-normal red blood cells. Hemoglobin electrophoresis measures hemoglobin levels and looks for abnormal types of hemoglobin.
It's most often used to help diagnose anemia, sickle cell disease, and other hemoglobin disorders. If you've just had a baby, your newborn will be tested as part of a newborn screening. Newborn screening is a group of tests given to most American babies shortly after birth. The screening checks for a variety of conditions.
Many of these conditions can be treated if found early. You may also want testing if you are at risk for having a child with sickle cell disease or another inherited hemoglobin disorder.
Risk factors include:. A health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial. You may feel a little sting when the needle goes in or out.
This usually takes less than five minutes. To test a newborn, a health care provider will clean your baby's heel with alcohol and poke the heel with a small needle. The provider will collect a few drops of blood and put a bandage on the site. There is very little risk to having a blood test. You may have slight pain or bruising at the spot where the needle was put in, but most symptoms go away quickly. Your baby may feel a little pinch when the heel is poked, and a small bruise may form at the site.
This should go away quickly. Hemoglobin electrophoresis test results are often compared with other tests, including a complete blood count and a blood smear. If you have questions about your results, talk to your health care provider.
Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results. If you are at risk of having a child with an inherited hemoglobin disorder, you may want to speak to a genetic counselor. A genetic counselor is a specially trained professional in genetics and genetic testing. He or she can help you understand the disorder and your risk of passing it along to your child.
The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. Hemoglobin Electrophoresis.
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