I did that, but I do not have a font given to match it — can you tell us which you used? Also for printing it would be better to have black names not a dark gray…. Do you have editable ones so I can selectively color on each country… thank you so much for the sharing. Hi, You can use the white maps to color the countries as needed, it all depends on the software you want to use to edit it. Otherwise, you can have a look at Tilemill which allows you to create your own maps, though it is not very convenient to use.
It really helps! Your email address will not be published. Skip to content. Related posts 4 free maps of Singapore 5 free maps of Cambodia 5 free maps of Myanmar 6 free maps of the Philippines. Downloads 9. Did you click on the maps? You will see them in full resolution: xpx. Around 10, years ago, several cultural groups emerged in China during the Neolithic Period , also known as the New Stone Age.
This was a time of key developments in early human technology, such as farming, the domestication of plants and animals, and the use of pottery. Villages, walled cities, and great dynasties, or families of rulers, emerged later. While some early humans stayed in East Asia, others followed the coastline and continued on to Southeast Asia likely over 50, years ago.
This was during the glacial period known as the Ice Age. Global temperatures were much colder and huge sheets of ice covered North America, Europe, and Asia. Since so much water was trapped in these huge glaciers, ocean levels were actually much lower than they are today.
Indonesia, Malaysia, and the other islands of Southeast Asia were a single landmass known as Sunda see Figure 9. Those cultural groups who had seafaring knowledge continued on, populating Australia and the surrounding islands. During the Ice Age, the southern islands of Japan were also connected to the rest of Eurasia, allowing the indigenous groups of Japan to migrate from what is now mainland China.
They established trade routes, a strong military, and forged connections with Korea and Japan. China became a unified state under the Han dynasty, which ruled from BCE to CE, and this long period of stability is viewed as a golden age in Chinese history.
The dominant ethnic group in China, the Han, take their name from this ruling family. It was also during this time that Confucianism became the state religion.
Confucianism takes its name from the influential Chinese philosopher and teacher Kong Fuzi BCE , often referred to by the Latinized version of his name, Confucius. Confucius also emphasized education and his teachings have dominated Chinese culture for centuries. In general, the Chinese dynasties were largely isolationist. China has a number of physical barriers that separate it from the rest of Asia, such as the Himalayas, the rugged western highlands, and the Gobi Desert. The only region where it was vulnerable to invasion was its northeastern region.
Here, the ruling families of China built a series of walls, known today as simply the Great Wall of China see Figure 9. In fact, there is a series of overlapping walled fortifications that began being constructed by early dynasties in the 5th century BCE and continued through to the 17th century CE. Walls are a defensive military structure and are thus an expression of a civilization that wished to be left alone. Port cities emerged, as well as cities that were religious or ceremonial centers.
The Hindu rulers of the region were often viewed as divine, but in order to secure the favor of the gods, and the blessings of the Hindu priests, they agreed to build temples. It was later transformed into a Buddhist temple, which it remains today.
The temple complex is the largest religious structure in the world. Eventually, Islam spread to Southeast Asia, particularly as a result of Sufi missionaries, part of a mystical branch of Islam. In the present-day islands of Malaysia and Indonesia, in particular, local rulers and communities embraced Islamic theology.
Today, more Muslims live in Indonesia than in any other country on Earth. Buddhism continued to dominate the religious landscape of much of Southeast Asia as well as in Japan.
During the Heian period, lasting from the late 8th centuries to the 12th century CE, many of the features of modern Japanese culture emerged, such as its distinctive art and poetry, as well as Buddhist-inspired architecture. The evolving landscape of this region would be completely transformed by colonization, with sweeping political and economic changes that continues to shape the geography of the region today. Beginning in the 16th century, European colonial empires became interested in Southeast Asia.
Before long, Europeans established permanent colonies. By the s, only Thailand would remain independent and functioned largely as a buffer state separating the British and French colonial spheres. Japan took note of these imperial pursuits. Why were some countries more powerful and more industrialized than others? Britain, for example, was an island nation like Japan and yet was considered to be the most powerful country in the world.
Some countries, like the Philippines and Burma, achieved independence through a peaceful turnover of control, while others such as Indonesia won independence only after a violent period of opposition. The second half of the 20th century was a time of significant political change for East and Southeast Asia.
The former colonies of Japan were able to break away from their colonial past and become independent, but as in many other parts of the world, that independence often coincided with political conflict. Westernization refers to the process of adopting Western, particularly European and American, culture and values.
Japan adopted a new constitution and embraced democratic principles. It continued to industrialize and would become a global leader in electronics and automotive production. In other parts of East and Southeast Asia, the political changes to the region following WorldWar II tended toward communism , a social, political, and economic system that seeks communal ownership of the means of production.
Communism is associated with Marxism , an analysis of social class and conflict based on the work of Karl Marx CE. In a typical society, factories are owned by a wealthy few who then pay workers a lower wage to ensure that they make a profit. In a communist society, however, the goal of Marxism would be a classless society where everyone shares the ownership and thus receives equal profits.
Marxist ideas spread to China by the early 20th century and found particular support among Chinese intellectuals. The Communist Revolution in Russia inspired Marxists in China who founded a communist political party that would eventually be led by Mao Zedong. The previous Chinese government fled to the island of Taiwan, which is officially known as the Republic of China and claims control of the entire mainland. China, however, maintains that Taiwan is part of China.
Unfortunately, the changes led to widespread famine and the deaths of tens of millions of Chinese as a direct result. Following the failure of the Great Leap Forward, Mao aimed to eliminate any remaining traditional elements of Chinese culture or capitalist thinking through the Cultural Revolution. Millions were imprisoned, forcibly relocated, or tortured, and historical relics and cultural sites were destroyed.
In the Korean peninsula, allied forces divided the former Japanese colony along the 38th parallel. Melaka was a key trading center, and the Malay language, spoken in the Malay Peninsula and east Sumatra, was used as a lingua franca in trading ports throughout the Malay-Indonesian archipelago.
Malay is not a difficult language to learn, and it was already understood by many people along the trade routes that linked the island world. Muslim teachers therefore had a common language through which they could communicate new concepts through oral presentations and written texts.
A modified Arabic script displaced the previous Malay script. Arabic words were incorporated into Malay, particularly in regard to spiritual beliefs, social practices, and political life. Local heroes often became Islamic saints, and their graves were venerated places at which to worship. Some aspects of mystical Islam resembled pre-Islamic beliefs, notably on Java. Women never adopted the full face veil, and the custom of taking more than one wife was limited to wealthy elites.
Law codes based on Islam usually made adjustments to fit local customs. Pork was forbidden to Muslims, a significant development in areas like eastern Indonesia and the southern Philippines where it had long been a ritual food. A Muslim could often be recognized by a different dress style, like chest covering for women.
Male circumcision became an important rite of passage. Reforming tendencies gained strength in the early nineteenth century when a group known as the Wahhabis captured Mecca. The Wahhabis demanded a stricter observance of Islamic law. Although their appeal was limited in Southeast Asia, some people were attracted to Wahhabi styles of teaching. There was a growing feeling that greater observance of Islamic doctrine might help Muslims resist the growing power of Europeans.
Muslim leaders were often prominent in anti-colonial movements, especially in Indonesia. However, the influence of modernist Islamic thinking that developed in Egypt meant educated Muslims in Southeast Asia also began to think about reforming Islam as a way of answering the Western challenge. Europeans eventually colonized all Southeast Asia except for Thailand. After these countries gained their independence following World War II, the major question for politically active Muslims has concerned the relationship between Islam and the state.
In countries where Muslims are in a minority like Thailand and the Philippines this relationship is still causing tension. In Malaysia, Muslims are only around 55 percent of the population and there must be significant adjustments with the largest non-Muslim group, the Chinese.
In Indonesia, Muslims are engaged in a continuing debate about different ways of observing the faith, and hether Islam should assume a greater role in government. Unsupported Browser Detected. Geography, Environment, and Cultural Zones Virtually all of Southeast Asia lies between the tropics, and so there are similarities in climate as well as plant and animal life throughout the region. Lifestyle, Livelihood, and Subsistence A distinctive feature of Southeast Asia is its cultural diversity.
Additional Background Reading. Islamic Belief Made Visual. This essay looks at Islam's influence on the arts of Southeast Asia. Shahnama: The Book of Kings. Learn about the political and social changes under Iran's Safavid Dynasty by examining the Book of Kings.
Religion in the Philippines. The Philippines boasts to be the only Christian nation in Asia. Learn about its religious diversity and history. Islamic Calligraphy and the Illustrated Manuscript. The calligraphic tradition, which grew out of the demand for illuminated Qur'ans, became an important art form worldwide. Islam in Southeast Asia. An essay about the spread of Islam into Southeast Asia and how religion and expression fit within societal contexts.
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